Oil extraction methods mainly include: gas lift oil production and deep well pump oil production, among which deep well pump oil production is further divided into rod pump oil production and rodless pump oil production. Rod pump oil production is divided into beam type deep well pump oil production and screw pump oil production. Rodless pump oil production mainly includes electric submersible pump oil production, hydraulic piston oil production and jet pump oil production. There are many ways but the main process is mostly the same:

1. Well logging engineering:

Applying geophysical methods in the wellbore, the original conditions and changing information in the drilled rock formations and oil and gas reservoirs, especially the distribution of oil, gas and water in the oil reservoirs and their changes, are transmitted through cables to On the ground, based on comprehensive judgment, the technical measures to be taken are determined (see engineering logging, production logging, saturation logging).

2. Drilling engineering:

In the development of oil and gas fields, it has a very important position. In the construction of an oil and gas field, drilling engineering often accounts for more than 50% of the total investment. The development of an oil and gas field often requires drilling hundreds or even thousands or more wells. There are different technical requirements for wells for different purposes such as production, observation and control (such as production wells, injection wells, observation wells, and inspection wells specially designed to check the effect of water washing oil, etc.). It should be ensured that the drilled well has the least contamination of the oil and gas formation, the cementing quality is high, and it can withstand the influence of various downhole operations during the decades of production. Improving drilling techniques and management, and increasing drilling speed, is the key to reducing drilling costs (see Drilling Methods, Drilling Processes, Completions).

3. Oil production project:

It is a process technology for the entire process of lifting oil and gas in an oil well from the bottom of the well to the wellhead. The rise of oil and gas can rely on the self-injection of energy from the formation, or it can be lifted by artificially supplemented energy such as oil pump and gas lift. Various effective workover measures can eliminate the frequent failures of oil wells such as wax deposition, water production, and sand production, and ensure the normal production of oil wells. Stimulation measures such as hydraulic fracturing or acidification can increase the productivity that is reduced due to too low permeability of oil layers, or due to improper pollution and damage to oil and gas layers due to improper drilling and technical measures. For injection wells, it is to improve the injection capacity (see oil production method, gas production technology, layered production technology, oil and gas well stimulation technology).

4. Oil and gas gathering and transportation projects:

It is a process technology for building complete oil and gas collection, separation, processing, metering, storage and transportation in oil fields. The oil, gas, water and other mixed fluids produced in the well are separated and preliminarily treated in the mine to obtain as many oil and gas products as possible. Water can be reinjected or used to prevent environmental pollution. Reduce ineffective losses (see oil and gas gathering and transportation in oil fields).